How does Kaspa's block mass limit control how much data fits in a block?

Kaspa uses a block mass limit — set to 500,000 grams in Testnet 11 — to cap how much data any single block can carry, with payload bytes charged at one gram per byte. Think of block mass as a weight budget: every byte of data you include in a block costs one gram, and no block can exceed the total budget. This system lets the network enforce consistent block sizes without relying on a simple byte count alone. For a beginner, the key takeaway is that this budget directly shapes how much information Kaspa can process per second and, at 10 blocks per second, how quickly storage requirements can grow for node operators.